The International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration is an applied, international hospitality and tourism management journal designed to help practitioners and researchers stay abreast of the latest developments in the field, as well as facilitate the exchange of ideas. An exciting and challenging international forum, the journal reflects current happenings and trends in the industry. Dynamic market forces such as global competition, changing customer expectations, and new communication technology—combined with career challenges due to ongoing industry consolidation and corporate restructuring--mandate continuous learning and the sharing of ideas. The journal facilitates this need by providing essential and intelligent information about world-wide hospitality and tourism issues. The International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration publishes refereed articles on best practices of hospitality and tourism management, applied research studies, and critical reviews on major issues affecting the hospitality and tourism sectors. The journal's scope includes but is not limited to: -Private club management- Restaurant management- Beverage management- Marketing management- Human resource management- Managing guests expectations and experiences- Intriguing case examples- Consumer behavior- Managing cultural diversity in the workplace and consumer markets- The interrelationship between hospitality and tourism- Information technology- Strategic alliances- Security and safety- Resident attitudes toward tourism and host quality of life